274 lines
10 KiB
Python
274 lines
10 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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Deep Zoom 瓦片集生成工具
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用于将高分辨率PNG图像转换为Deep Zoom格式，适用于三体项目的大型历史图表展示
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使用方法:
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python deepzoom_generator.py --input <input_image.png> --output <output_dir> --tile_size <tile_size> --overlap <overlap>
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参数说明:
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--input: 输入的PNG图像文件路径
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--output: 输出的Deep Zoom目录路径
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--tile_size: 瓦片大小，默认512
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--overlap: 瓦片重叠像素，默认1
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--format: 输出瓦片格式，支持jpg或png，默认jpg
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--quality: JPEG图像质量(1-100)，默认90
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示例:
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python deepzoom_generator.py --input "三体结构3.drawio.png" --output deepzoom_output
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"""
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import os
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import argparse
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import math
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from PIL import Image
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from xml.dom import minidom
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import logging
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from tqdm import tqdm
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# 配置日志
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logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class DeepZoomGenerator:
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"""Deep Zoom 瓦片集生成器类"""
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def __init__(self, input_image_path, output_dir, tile_size=512, overlap=1,
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output_format='jpg', quality=90):
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"""
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初始化DeepZoomGenerator
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参数:
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input_image_path: 输入图像路径
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output_dir: 输出目录路径
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tile_size: 瓦片大小
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overlap: 瓦片重叠像素
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output_format: 输出格式(jpg或png)
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quality: JPEG质量
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"""
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self.input_image_path = input_image_path
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self.output_dir = output_dir
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self.tile_size = tile_size
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self.overlap = overlap
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self.output_format = output_format.lower()
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self.quality = quality
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# 验证参数
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self._validate_params()
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# 创建输出目录
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self._create_output_dirs()
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# 加载图像
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self.image = self._load_image()
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self.width, self.height = self.image.size
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# 计算金字塔层级
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self.levels = self._calculate_levels()
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logger.info(f"输入图像: {input_image_path}")
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logger.info(f"图像尺寸: {self.width}x{self.height}")
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logger.info(f"输出目录: {output_dir}")
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logger.info(f"瓦片大小: {tile_size}, 重叠像素: {overlap}")
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logger.info(f"输出格式: {output_format}")
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logger.info(f"金字塔层级: {self.levels}")
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def _validate_params(self):
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"""验证输入参数"""
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# 检查输入图像是否存在
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if not os.path.exists(self.input_image_path):
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raise FileNotFoundError(f"输入图像文件不存在: {self.input_image_path}")
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# 检查输出格式
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if self.output_format not in ['jpg', 'png']:
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raise ValueError(f"不支持的输出格式: {self.output_format}，仅支持jpg和png")
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# 检查质量参数
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if not (1 <= self.quality <= 100):
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raise ValueError(f"JPEG质量必须在1-100之间: {self.quality}")
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# 检查瓦片大小
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if self.tile_size <= 0:
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raise ValueError(f"瓦片大小必须大于0: {self.tile_size}")
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# 检查重叠像素
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if self.overlap < 0:
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raise ValueError(f"重叠像素不能为负数: {self.overlap}")
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def _create_output_dirs(self):
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"""创建输出目录结构"""
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# 创建主输出目录
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os.makedirs(self.output_dir, exist_ok=True)
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# 提取基本文件名(不含扩展名)
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base_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(self.input_image_path))[0]
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# 设置DZI文件名和瓦片目录
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self.dzi_filename = f"{base_name}.dzi"
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self.tiles_dir = f"{base_name}_files"
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self.tiles_dir_path = os.path.join(self.output_dir, self.tiles_dir)
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# 创建瓦片目录
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os.makedirs(self.tiles_dir_path, exist_ok=True)
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def _load_image(self):
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"""加载输入图像"""
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try:
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image = Image.open(self.input_image_path)
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# 确保图像为RGB模式
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if image.mode != 'RGB':
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image = image.convert('RGB')
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return image
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except Exception as e:
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raise IOError(f"无法加载图像: {e}")
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def _calculate_levels(self):
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"""计算金字塔层级数量"""
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# 计算最大维度
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max_dim = max(self.width, self.height)
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# 计算需要的层级数，确保最小维度至少为1
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levels = math.floor(math.log2(max_dim)) + 1
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return levels
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def _create_dzi_file(self):
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"""创建DZI XML文件"""
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# 创建XML文档
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doc = minidom.getDOMImplementation().createDocument(None, 'Image', None)
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root = doc.documentElement
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root.setAttribute('xmlns', 'http://schemas.microsoft.com/deepzoom/2008')
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root.setAttribute('Format', self.output_format)
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root.setAttribute('Overlap', str(self.overlap))
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root.setAttribute('TileSize', str(self.tile_size))
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# 创建Size元素
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size_element = doc.createElement('Size')
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size_element.setAttribute('Height', str(self.height))
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size_element.setAttribute('Width', str(self.width))
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root.appendChild(size_element)
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# 保存XML文件
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dzi_file_path = os.path.join(self.output_dir, self.dzi_filename)
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with open(dzi_file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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root.writexml(f, indent=' ', addindent=' ', newl='\n')
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logger.info(f"创建DZI文件: {dzi_file_path}")
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def _generate_tiles(self):
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"""生成所有层级的瓦片"""
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current_image = self.image.copy()
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current_width, current_height = current_image.size
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# 从最高分辨率到最低分辨率生成瓦片
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for level in range(self.levels):
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# 创建当前层级的目录
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level_dir = os.path.join(self.tiles_dir_path, str(level))
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os.makedirs(level_dir, exist_ok=True)
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# 计算当前层级的瓦片数量
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tiles_x = max(1, math.ceil((current_width + 2 * self.overlap) / self.tile_size))
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tiles_y = max(1, math.ceil((current_height + 2 * self.overlap) / self.tile_size))
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logger.info(f"生成层级 {level} 的瓦片: {tiles_x}x{tiles_y}")
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# 使用tqdm创建进度条
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total_tiles = tiles_x * tiles_y
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with tqdm(total=total_tiles, desc=f"层级 {level}", unit="tile") as pbar:
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# 生成每个瓦片
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for y in range(tiles_y):
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for x in range(tiles_x):
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self._generate_single_tile(current_image, level, x, y, level_dir)
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pbar.update(1)
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# 如果不是最后一层，缩小图像到下一层
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if level < self.levels - 1:
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new_width = max(1, current_width // 2)
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new_height = max(1, current_height // 2)
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current_image = current_image.resize((new_width, new_height), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
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current_width, current_height = current_image.size
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def _generate_single_tile(self, image, level, tile_x, tile_y, level_dir):
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"""生成单个瓦片"""
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width, height = image.size
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# 计算瓦片在原图中的位置
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tile_size_no_overlap = self.tile_size - 2 * self.overlap
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start_x = max(0, tile_x * tile_size_no_overlap - self.overlap)
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start_y = max(0, tile_y * tile_size_no_overlap - self.overlap)
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# 计算瓦片的实际大小
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end_x = min(width, start_x + self.tile_size)
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end_y = min(height, start_y + self.tile_size)
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actual_width = end_x - start_x
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actual_height = end_y - start_y
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# 创建一个新的瓦片图像(空白背景)
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tile = Image.new('RGB', (self.tile_size, self.tile_size), color=(255, 255, 255))
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# 从原图中裁剪瓦片区域
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tile_region = image.crop((start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y))
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# 将裁剪的区域粘贴到瓦片上
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tile.paste(tile_region, (0, 0))
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# 保存瓦片
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tile_filename = os.path.join(level_dir, f"{tile_x}_{tile_y}.{self.output_format}")
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if self.output_format == 'jpg':
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tile.save(tile_filename, 'JPEG', quality=self.quality, optimize=True)
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else:
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tile.save(tile_filename, 'PNG', optimize=True)
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def generate(self):
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"""生成完整的Deep Zoom瓦片集"""
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logger.info("开始生成Deep Zoom瓦片集...")
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# 创建DZI文件
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self._create_dzi_file()
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# 生成瓦片
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self._generate_tiles()
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logger.info("Deep Zoom瓦片集生成完成!")
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logger.info(f"DZI文件: {os.path.join(self.output_dir, self.dzi_filename)}")
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logger.info(f"瓦片目录: {self.tiles_dir_path}")
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def parse_args():
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"""解析命令行参数"""
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Deep Zoom瓦片集生成工具')
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parser.add_argument('--input', '-i', required=True, help='输入的PNG图像文件路径')
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parser.add_argument('--output', '-o', required=True, help='输出的Deep Zoom目录路径')
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parser.add_argument('--tile_size', '-t', type=int, default=512, help='瓦片大小，默认512')
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parser.add_argument('--overlap', '-l', type=int, default=1, help='瓦片重叠像素，默认1')
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parser.add_argument('--format', '-f', default='jpg', choices=['jpg', 'png'], help='输出瓦片格式，默认jpg')
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parser.add_argument('--quality', '-q', type=int, default=90, help='JPEG图像质量(1-100)，默认90')
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return parser.parse_args()
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def main():
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"""主函数"""
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args = parse_args()
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try:
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# 创建DeepZoomGenerator实例
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generator = DeepZoomGenerator(
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input_image_path=args.input,
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output_dir=args.output,
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tile_size=args.tile_size,
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overlap=args.overlap,
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output_format=args.format,
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quality=args.quality
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)
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# 生成Deep Zoom瓦片集
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generator.generate()
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"生成Deep Zoom瓦片集时出错: {e}")
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raise
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main() |